Article Title

Multiplexed cytokine detection on plasmonic gold substrates with enhanced near-infrared fluorescence

Authors

Bo Zhang, Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
Jordan Price, Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
Guosong Hong, Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
Scott M. Tabakman, Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
Hailiang Wang, Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
Justin A. Jarrell, Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
Ju Feng, Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
Paul J. Utz, Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
Hongjie Dai, Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA

Keywords

microarray, cytokine, plasmonic, multiplex, near infrared fluorescence

Abstract

Protein microarrays based on fluorescence detection have been widely utilized for high-throughput functional proteomic analysis. However, a drawback of such assays has been low sensitivity and narrow dynamic range, limiting their capabilities, especially for detecting low abundance biological molecules such as cytokines in human samples. Here, we present fluorescence-enhancing microarrays on plasmonic gold films for multiplexed cytokine detection with up to three orders of magnitude higher sensitivity than on conventional nitrocellulose and glass substrates. Cytokine detection on the gold plasmonic substrate is about one to two orders of magnitude more sensitive than enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and can be multiplexed. A panel of six cytokines (Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Interleukin 1β (IL-1β), Interleukin 4 (IL-4), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Interferon γ (IFN-γ), and Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)) were detected in the culture media of cancer cells. This work establishes a new method of high throughput multiplexed cytokine detection with higher sensitivity and dynamic range than ELISA.

Graphical Abstract

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-012-0286-2

Publisher

Tsinghua University Press

Recommended Citation

Bo Zhang,Jordan Price,Guosong Hong,Scott M. Tabakman,Hailiang Wang,Justin A. Jarrell,Ju Feng,Paul J. Utz,Hongjie Dai, Multiplexed cytokine detection on plasmonic gold substrates with enhanced near-infrared fluorescence. NanoRes.2013, 6(2): 113–120